Experts estimate millions of people are victims of sex trafficking in India. Some are exploited in brothels on Delhi’s notorious Garstin  Bastion  or  “GB” Road.

choose to believe that I went through all that I did, so that
today I can help others. If I can educate one person or give hope to one victim of trafficking, then I am doing my job and everything I went through was worth it. I choose to be a victor not a victim—not just to survive, but to thrive. Today I tell my story whenever I can so I can help others.
– Barbara Amaya, survivor of sex trafficking, author, and advocate

PREVENTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS 27

NEW AT THE ILO: UPDATES TO THE FORCED LABOUR CONVENTION

On June 11, 2014, the tripartite constituency of the annual International Labour Conference (ILC) in Geneva comprised of governments, workers, and employers, voted overwhelmingly to adopt a protocol and recommendation to supplement the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour of 1930 (also known as the Forced Labour Convention or Convention 29).

PROTOCOL OF 2014  TO  THE FORCED LABOUR CONVENTION
The new Protocol of 2014 (Protocol 29) updates the widely ratified Forced Labour Convention by addressing gaps in its implementation and reaffirming the obligation of States to take effective measures to prevent and eliminate forced labor in all its forms. It reaffirms the definition of forced labor contained in Convention 29 and provides concrete guidance to ratifying States on effective measures to prevent and eliminate all forms of forced labor. The legally binding Protocol 29 also complements other international instruments such as the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (2000) and mandates specifically that measures include actions against trafficking in persons. Protocol 29 is open to ratification by governments that have ratified the Forced Labour Convention and will enter into force one year after  it has been ratified by two Member States of the ILO.
Obligations under Protocol 29 include:
• Developing comprehensive national policies  and  action plans for the effective and  sustained suppression of  forced labor;
• Providing victims with protection and effective access to remedies, such as compensation, irrespective of their presence or legal status in the territory;
• Sanctioning perpetrators;
• Strengthening and applying labor laws and policies to all sectors, as well as inspection services;
• Supporting due diligence by both the public and private sectors to prevent and respond to risks of forced labor; and
• International cooperation between and among States.

FORCED LABOUR RECOMMENDATION NO.  203
Also on June 11, 2014, the ILC adopted the Recommendation on supplementary measures for the effective suppression of forced labour (Recommendation 203), which provides detailed technical and practical guidance to States on the implementation of Protocol 29 in the areas of prevention, protection, and access to justice and remedies, such as compensation, enforcement, and international cooperation. This recommendation supplements both Protocol 29 and the Forced Labour Convention. As a non-binding instrument, Recommendation 203 is not open to ratification.
Provisions of Recommendation 203  include:
• Regulating labor recruiters and employment agencies, and eliminating recruitment fees charged to workers;
• Supporting the private sector to address the risks of forced labor in their own operations, as well as those of their suppliers;
• Immediate and long-term assistance for victims, taking into account the safety of the victims and their family members, and the protection of their privacy and identity, regardless of the victims’ willingness to cooperate in criminal or other proceedings;
• A reflection and recovery period for foreign victims, as well as temporary or permanent residence permits and access to the labor markets, irrespective of their legal status; and
• International cooperation to prevent and address the use of forced labor by diplomatic personnel.

28 2015 TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS REPORT

Poisonous dust inhalation, exposure to toxic  chemicals, and mine collapses jeopardize the  health  and  safety  of children who work in Ghana’s artisanal gold mines. Forced child labor has also  been reported  in  this  sector.

PREVENTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS 29

KAILASH  SATYARTHI:
RECIPIENT OF THE 2014  NOBEL PEACE PRIZE

“When you are living in a globalized economy and a globalized world, you cannot live in isolation, all the problems and solutions are interconnected, and so the problem of child labor in any part of the world is your problem.”
-Kailash  Satyarthi
The world was formally introduced to Mr. Kailash Satyarthi and his work fighting child labor when he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, together with child activist Malala Yousafzai, “for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education.” During his acceptance speech, he issued an impassioned call to action: “I refuse to accept that some children are born to live without human dignity.” He further insisted, “[e]ach one of you has some moral responsibility. It cannot go on me alone.”
For more than four decades, Mr. Satyarthi has worked relentlessly for the rights of children and waged a peaceful struggle  to keep children in school, rather than in the workforce. He has helped to free children trapped in bonded labor, assisted them with vocational training and education, and challenged public discourse in India on child labor and child trafficking.     In 1980, Mr. Satyarthi founded Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Save the Childhood Movement), which has removed more than 80,000 children from exploitation. His contributions have not only affected India, but have also changed the world: in     1998 he organized the Global March Against Child Labor, the world’s largest campaign against child labor that led to the adoption of ILO Convention 182 on the worst forms of child labor. Mr. Satyarthi also founded Good Weave in 1994, which now implements a certification scheme to ensure no child labor is used in the production of carpets in India, Nepal, and Afghanistan.
In 2007, the U.S. Department of State recognized Mr. Satyarthi’s contributions to the global fight against forced child labor by selecting him as one of ten Trafficking in Persons Report Heroes.

In January 2015, President and Mrs. Obama met with Kailash Satyarthi, recipient of the 2014 Nobel  Peace  Prize,  and  his wife, Sumedha. In the words of President Obama, “[t]he true measure of Kailash’s efforts
is  not  a  single  prize  he  has been awarded, but the tens of thousands of people who today live with freedom and dignity thanks  to  his efforts.”