services, although long waiting lists made it difficult to obtain surgery and other procedures, and NGOs often had to pay for victims’ emergency medical treatment. Some NGOs also funded counselors for government shelters.
Child victims were placed in private shelters or in government juvenile justice homes and largely received the same government services as adults. In November 2014, the Supreme Court ordered the state governments of Bihar, Assam, Chhattisgarh, and Madhya Pradesh to trace the whereabouts of 12,591 missing children, some of whom may have been trafficking victims. As a result, a number of children who were discovered lost and abandoned were reunited with their parents or placed in shelters.The government expanded the number of child protection cells at major railway stations which paired police with NGO implementers to identify exploited children, some of whom may be trafficking victims, and refer them to protective services.The government does not provide care for adult male trafficking victims. Foreign victims received the same access to shelters and services as Indian nationals. MHA guidelines to all state governments specify that foreign national women and children who are declared victims should not be prosecuted for immigration violations. Government policy on foreign victims continued to be to return them to their country of origin at the earliest possible time. Foreign sex trafficking victims were detained in government aftercare homes until repatriation and were not permitted to work in the local economy. Due to a number of constraints, this process resulted in victims, especially those from Bangladesh, spending upwards of four years in these homes before being repatriated.The government worked to improve repatriation of Bangladeshi trafficking victims, including through high-level bilateral talks; however, there were long delays in processing paperwork, lack of coordination between concerned agencies, and lack of clarity and cooperation concerning submission of critical papers.To protect both Indian and foreign national victims during trial, prosecutors may request the victim be able to testify by video or behind a screen, the proceeding be closed to the media and public, and irrelevant and potentially harmful questions be barred.

PREVENTION
The government maintained efforts to prevent human trafficking. The government did not have a national action plan, and officials noted an interagency coordination body is needed to analyze and gather data on trafficking. The MHA maintained an online portal, launched in the previous reporting period, for officials and other stakeholders to access information on trainings, meetings, statistics, laws, and shelters. Some state governments conducted anti-trafficking awareness campaigns, including Tamil Nadu, which conducted 162 awareness and education campaigns reaching more than 4,600 beneficiaries. In January 2015, the government signed an agreement with Saudi Arabia to promote the rights of Indian domestic workers and the responsibilities of their employers. In September 2014, the local government of Delhi issued an executive order to regulate job placement agencies; in addition to the registration and licensing of agencies, the order mandated every domestic worker in Delhi be issued a bank passbook and written employment agreement, impacting thousands of previously unregulated work placement agencies based in the city. NGOs reported the government of Kerala conducted an anti-trafficking awareness campaign with registered job portals, travel agents, and shelter homes. Despite India being a source and destination for sex tourism, the government did not report on specific measures to reduce the participation of its nationals

in child sex tourism. The Indian military conducted training on trafficking for its personnel before deployment on peacekeeping or similar missions.The government did not provide information on anti-trafficking training or guidance for its diplomatic personnel. The government did not report on efforts to reduce the demand for commercial sex or forced labor.

INDONESIA:  Tier 2 
Indonesia is a major source country and, to a much lesser extent, destination and transit country for women, children, and men subjected to sex trafficking and forced labor. Each of Indonesia’s 34 provinces is a source and destination of trafficking.The government estimates 6.2 million Indonesians—many of whom are women— work abroad, mostly in domestic service, construction, factories, or on plantations or fishing vessels.A significant number of Indonesian migrant workers face conditions of forced labor, including through debt bondage, in Asia and the Middle East and on fishing vessels operating in international waters. Malaysia remained the leading destination for migrant workers from Indonesia, followed by Saudi Arabia, despite the Indonesian government’s moratorium on issuing permits for domestic work in Saudi Arabia.The government also maintained a moratorium on permits for Indonesians to work in domestic service in the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Jordan, and Syria. Indonesian victims have also been identified in other countries in Asia, the Middle East, the Pacific Islands, Africa, and North America. Indonesian women and girls are subjected to sex trafficking primarily in Malaysia,Taiwan, and the Middle East. Reports indicate the number of undocumented workers travelling abroad by sea—some of whom are vulnerable to trafficking—has increased following governmental restrictions on legal migration channels for low-skilled workers. The government reported an increase in foreign and Indonesian fishermen subjected to forced labor on Indonesian and foreign-flagged fishing vessels—many operating out of  Thailand’s fishing industry—in Indonesian waters.
According to NGOs, labor recruiters are responsible for more than 50 percent of cases in which Indonesian female workers are subjected to trafficking in destination countries. Migrant workers often accumulate significant debts with labor recruiters that make them vulnerable to debt bondage. Some recruiters work independently and others for Indonesia-based labor recruitment companies that lead migrant workers into debt bondage and other trafficking situations. Licensed and unlicensed companies use debt bondage, withholding of documents, and threats of violence to keep Indonesian migrants in situations of forced labor. In many cases, corrupt officials facilitate the issuance of false documents, accept bribes to allow brokers to transport undocumented migrants across borders, protect venues where sex trafficking occurs, and thwart law enforcement and judicial processes to hold traffickers accountable. Endemic corruption among law enforcement officers enables many traffickers to operate with impunity.
Many women and girls are exploited in domestic servitude and sex trafficking in Indonesia. Women, men, and children are exploited in forced labor in the fishing, construction, plantation, mining, and manufacturing sectors. Children are exploited in prostitution in the Batam district of the Riau Islands province and in West Papua province. Women and girls are subjected to sex trafficking near mining operations in Maluku, Papua, and Jambi provinces.Victims are often recruited by job offers in restaurants, factories, or domestic service before they are subjected to sex trafficking. Debt bondage